Media Literacy - Research
News Media Literacy⌗
- How to validate?
- Content can
- What to trust?
- Tiers of trust?
- Verified/Known
- Tiers of trust?
- Fake news
- My personal issue with term?
- Is used to dismiss real reports, then real institutions describe problem stories as fake, so the term loses real meaning.
- Also, all news is created - a product
- My personal issue with term?
Data to Highlight⌗
Resources and Notes⌗
- Fake News Or Real? How To Self-Check The News And Get The Facts : All Tech Considered : NPR
- “Stopping the proliferation of fake news isn’t just the responsibility of the platforms used to spread it. Those who consume news also need to find ways of determining if what they’re reading is true.”
- “The idea is that people should have a fundamental sense of media literacy. And based on a study recently released by Stanford University researchers, many people don’t.
- DATA Evaluating Information: The Cornerstone of Civic Online Reasoning
- “Civic online reasoning: the ability to judge the credibility of information that floods young people’s smartphones, tablets, and computers.”
- “When thousands of students respond to dozens of tasks there are endless variations. That was certainly the case in our experience. However, at each level—middle school, high school, and college—these variations paled in comparison to a stunning and dismaying consistency. Overall, young people’s ability to reason about the information on the Internet can be summed up in one word: bleak.”
- Can You Tell Fake News From Real? Study Finds Students Have ‘Dismaying’ Inability : The Two-Way : NPR
- “…a solution is for all readers to read like fact checkers.”
- DATA Evaluating Information: The Cornerstone of Civic Online Reasoning
- “‘You’ll isolate a claim that has something that can be objectively verified, you will seek the best primary sources in that topic. Find whether they match or refute or prove the claim being made, and then present with all limitations the data and what the data says about the claim being made,’ Mantzarlis says.”
- Framework for professional fact-checkers
- Mantzarlis and Zimdars agreed there are a few best practices people can use when reading articles online:
- Pay attention to the domain and URL
- Look at the quotes in a story
- Look at who said them
- Check the comments
- Reverse image search
- Melissa Zimdars - False, Misleading, Clickbait-y, and Satirical “News” Sources
- Snopes
- Fake News: How to Spot It
- A guide to fighting lies, fake news, and chaos online - The Verge
- How to Spot Fake News - FactCheck.org
- https://news.mit.edu/2019/better-fact-checking-fake-news-1017
- News Literacy Project
- Our mission: The News Literacy Project empowers educators to teach students the skills they need to become smart, active consumers of news and other information and engaged, informed participants in civic life.
- DATA https://newslit.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/NLP-Brochure-10-10-19-DIGITAL.pdf
- (Data actually from Common Sense Media)
- 90% of teens and pre-teens use social media.
- 76% of them get news there.
- 44% of teens and pre-teens believe that they know the difference between fake and real news.
- 31% of teens and pre-teens say they have shared information that they later learned was false or inaccurate.
- (Data actually from Common Sense Media)
- Informable on the App Store
- https://medialiteracynow.org/what-is-media-literacy/
- DATA More studies to look at
- Real Solutions for Fake News? Measuring the Effectiveness of General Warnings and Fact-Check Tags in Reducing Belief in False Stories on Social Media
- Tagging Facebook posts
- Fighting misinformation on social media using crowdsourced judgments of news source quality
- “We investigate one potential approach: having social media platform algorithms preferentially display content from news sources that users rate as trustworthy.”
- “Despite substantial partisan differences, we find that laypeople across the political spectrum rated mainstream sources as far more trustworthy than either hyperpartisan or fake news sources.”
- All the President’s Tweets: Effects of Exposure toTrump’s “Fake News” Accusations on Perceptionsof Journalists, News Stories, and Issue Evaluation
- Who Shared It?: Deciding What News to Trust on Social Media
- “The findings illustrate that the sharer (H1) greatly impacts both trust and engagement with news on social media, while the reporting source significantly affects only engagement (H2). The sharer has a much larger and more consistent impact than the source on trust and engagement (RQ1), and the sharer and the source do not interact to impact trust or engagement (RQ2). Neither topic salience nor familiarity with getting news on social media moderate the effects of either the sharer or source (RQ3).”
- Trends in the diffusion of misinformation on social media
- “We show that user interactions with false content rose steadily on both Facebook and Twitter through the end of 2016. Since then, interactions have fallen sharply on Facebook while continuing to rise on Twitter.”
- Lazy, not biased: Susceptibility to partisan fake news is better explained by lack of reasoning than by motivated reasoning
- Fact-Checking: A Meta-Analysis of What Works and for Whom
- Real Solutions for Fake News? Measuring the Effectiveness of General Warnings and Fact-Check Tags in Reducing Belief in False Stories on Social Media
- Facebook’s Guide - HAHAHAHAHA
- NYU guide
- Automated Fact Checking